Pedagogical methods refer to the strategies, techniques, and approaches used in teaching and education to facilitate learning and development in students. This research area focuses on examining different teaching methods, practices, and interventions to enhance the effectiveness of instruction and improve student engagement, motivation, and outcomes. Researchers in this field explore various pedagogical models such as active learning, problem-based learning, flipped classroom, cooperative learning, and inquiry-based learning. They also investigate the impact of technology, multimedia, and online resources on teaching and learning, as well as the role of feedback, assessment, and reflection in promoting student learning and understanding. Overall, research in pedagogical methods aims to inform educators and policymakers about best practices in teaching and learning, and to contribute to the improvement of educational experiences and outcomes for students of all ages and backgrounds.